Human AKT1 qPCR Primer Pair

Human AKT1 qPCR Primer Pair，即人AKT1 qPCR引物对，主要用于基于SYBR Green的qPCR、One-Step qRT-PCR或semi-quantitative PCR。本引物为预先设计、经过qPCR验证、预混的引物对。

qPCR (Quantitative PCR)即定量PCR，也称实时荧光定量PCR或实时定量PCR (Real-time quantitative PCR)、实时PCR (Real-time PCR)，是一种在DNA扩增反应过程中，以荧光定量测定每个聚合酶链式反应(PCR)循环后产物总量的方法。qPCR常用的两种方法是SYBR Green等荧光染料法和探针法。SYBR Green等荧光染料法是使用带有荧光的、非特异的DNA结合染料SYBR Green等以检测PCR过程中积累的PCR扩增产物；而探针法(Probe method)，也常被称为TaqMan探针法，不使用荧光染料，而采用荧光基团和淬灭基团(Quencher)标记的DNA探针靶向拟通过PCR检测的目标序列[1,2]。

对于SYBR Green等染料法，引物至关重要。本系列引物产品采用碧云天开发的引物设计算法，优化了序列并经过验证，特异性佳，扩增效率高，引物二聚体形成发生率低，qPCR数据可靠；本系列引物对一般都跨外显子(Span exon junctions)，避免了对基因组DNA (gDNA)的扩增[3,4]；本系列的引物产品非常丰富，几乎包含了所有人和小鼠的基因；引物的Tm值约60ºC，大多数扩增产物(Amplicon)的长度约90-160bp。同时碧云天还提供针对各个信号通路的引物组合(Primer Panel/Primer Array)。

本产品为预混冻干粉，每管含正向引物(Forward primer，也称上游引物)和反向引物(Reverse primer，也称下游引物)各1nmol，共2nmol，不含核酸酶(Nuclease-free)，只需加入400μl超纯水溶解成2.5μM each，即可使用。按20μl或25μl体系使用2μl引物，本产品每管可以用于200次qPCR实验。

Gene Information
Gene Name	AKT1
Gene Symbol	AKT1
Synonyms	AKT; PKB; RAC; PRKBA; PKB-ALPHA; RAC-ALPHA
Organism	Human
Gene ID	207
UniProt ID	P31749
Main Accession No.	NM_005163
Other Accession No.	NM_001014431, NM_001014432, NM_005163, NM_001014431.1, NM_005163.1, NM_005163.2, NM_001014432.1, BC000479, BC084538, BC001737, BC063408, BX647722, BX648205, NM_001014431.2, NM_001014432.2
Map Location	14q32.32
Pathway	Chemokines; Toll-like Receptors; JAK-STAT Pathway; T-Cell/B-Cell Activation; MAP Kinase
Gene Summary	This gene encodes one of the three members of the human AKT serine-threonine protein kinase family which are often referred to as protein kinase B alpha, beta, and gamma. These highly similar AKT proteins all have an N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, a serine/threonine-specific kinase domain and a C-terminal regulatory domain. These proteins are phosphorylated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). AKT/PI3K forms a key component of many signalling pathways that involve the binding of membrane-bound ligands such as receptor tyrosine kinases, G-protein coupled receptors, and integrin-linked kinase. These AKT proteins therefore regulate a wide variety of cellular functions including cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis in both normal and malignant cells. AKT proteins are recruited to the cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) after phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by PI3K. Subsequent phosphorylation of both threonine residue 308 and serine residue 473 is required for full activation of the AKT1 protein encoded by this gene. Phosphorylation of additional residues also occurs, for example, in response to insulin growth factor-1 and epidermal growth factor. Protein phosphatases act as negative regulators of AKT proteins by dephosphorylating AKT or PIP3. The PI3K/AKT signalling pathway is crucial for tumor cell survival. Survival factors can suppress apoptosis in a transcription-independent manner by activating AKT1 which then phosphorylates and inactivates components of the apoptotic machinery. AKT proteins also participate in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway which controls the assembly of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4E) complex and this pathway, in addition to responding to extracellular signals from growth factors and cytokines, is disregulated in many cancers. Mutations in this gene are associated with multiple types of cancer and excessive tissue growth including Proteus syndrome and Cowden syndrome 6, and breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancers. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]

 

Amplicon Information
Amplicon Length (bp)	153
NCBI mRNA ID	NM_005163.2
NCBI Protein ID	NP_005154.2
Ensembl Transcript ID	ENST00000555528.5
Ensembl Gene ID	ENSG00000142208.18
Ensembl mRNA ID	AKT1-214

包装清单：

产品编号	产品名称	包装
QH01165S	Human AKT1 qPCR Primer Pair	1nmol each
—	说明书	1份

保存条件：

-20℃保存。建议复溶后进行适当分装，避免反复冻融。

注意事项：

PCR扩增产物的长度可能会因基因转录后存在多种剪接形式而有所差异。

虽然本系列引物产品的特异性非常好，但仍建议进行熔解曲线(Melt curve)分析以确定扩增反应的特异性。如果只有一个熔解曲线峰(对应的退火温度即双链DNA产物的Tm值)，说明只有一种单一产物；如果熔解曲线出现双峰、多峰或杂峰峰，可能是引物二聚体或非特异性扩增、存在基因组DNA污染、试剂及环境被污染等。建议设置不含模板的对照(No template control, NTC)，即反应体系中包含除模板以外的所有反应组分，根据样品孔和无模板对照孔熔解曲线的差异，可判断是否存在引物二聚体或其它的非特异性扩增。

若反应体系存在扩增产物污染，推荐使用防污染型qPCR Mix。

本产品仅限于专业人员的科学研究用，不得用于临床诊断或治疗，不得用于食品或药品，不得存放于普通住宅内。

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