明矾佐剂Alum Adjuvant

Adjuvant Activity of Cytokines

The activity of several potent adjuvants, including incomplete Freund’s adjuvant, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, and alum, has been shown to be due at least in part to the induction of cytokines, including type I interferons (IFNs), IFN

DNA As an Adjuvant

DNA is a complex macromolecule with immunological properties that depend on base sequence. Although mammalian DNA is immunologically inert, DNA from bacteria has potent immunostimulatory properties that result from short sequence motifs

佐剂 adjuvant

佐剂 adjuvant 通过给免疫系统施行非特异性刺激，而能加强对抗原的特异性免疫反应的物质总称，亦称助剂。例如：尽管是免疫原性弱的抗原，若使吸附于膨润土（ bentonite）微粒及明矾沉淀微粒，就变得易为巨噬细胞所吞噬而加强其免疫原性。将抗原液与水油乳剂佐剂（ freund adjuvant）搅拌混合，而呈乳浊状态；则巨噬细胞及淋巴系细胞的增殖和反应随着抗原在注射部位储留时间的延续而加强。革兰氏阴性细菌（大肠杆菌和沙门氏杆菌等）的内毒素也是强的佐剂。