药用植物泽泻的内生真菌促进植物生长和生物活性化合物积累

A fungal endophyte of the medicinal plant, Alisma orientale, promotes plant growth and bioactive compound accumulation.

作者信息Xiaomei Xu, Wenjin Lin, Nemat O Keyhani, Yamin Zhang, Junyong Han, Huiqing Que, Luxiao Wang, Yuhang Yao, Sen Liu, Xiaoyan Chen, Junzhi Qiu
PMID41853722
发布时间2026-03-03
DOI10.3389/fmicb.2026.1773907

实验完整度

研究包含内生真菌多样性分析、体外促生特性筛选、共培养植物生长与代谢物检测、转录组学及全基因组测序等多个独立证据层级,并进行了功能验证。

主要模型

泽泻(Alisma orientale)无菌幼苗 内生真菌 Pseudothielavia terricola (RT1)

重点核对

菌株RT1的鉴定(ITS/LSU序列相似性99.82%) 共培养条件(PDA菌块接种于根尖3cm处,共培养3周) IAA产量(6.61 mg/L)及促生特性(溶磷、铁载体、过氧化氢酶活性) 三萜含量测定(UPLC-MS,三个重复)

摘要

Introduction: The Asian water plantain, Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep, is a flowering hydrophytic plant that grows in marshes. In traditional Chinese medicine, the rhizome of A. orientale is highly valued for its medicinal properties. Endophytic microbes modulate plant growth and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, however little is known concerning these effects in A. orientale.Methods: Here, high-throughput sequencing and culturing methods were utilized to investigate the endophytic fungal diversity in the rhizomes, flowers, roots and leaves of A. orientale. In vitro assays were employed to screen for strains exhibiting high growth-promoting abilities based on phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, oxidative stress resistance, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. Transcriptomics and whole genome sequencing were employed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms.Results: These data revealed that the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were dominant phyla in all parts, with significant variation in fungal community composition observed at the genus level, as reflected in alpha and beta diversity indices. A total of 19 different endophytic fungal strains were isolated via culturing methods from the four different parts of A. orientale. In vitro assays resulted in the identification of four isolates subsequently used for co-culturing with sterile A. orientale to monitor plant-growth and terpenoid production. These latter results identified one promising strain, RT1, characterized as Pseudothielavia terricola. Isolate RT1 enhanced plant growth by 100-121% with respect to root length and plant height as compared to controls. After 21 days of treatment with strain RT1, the contents of the triterpenoids alisols B-23, C-23, and B were 4.5-5.5 times higher than those of the controls. Transcriptomics revealed enhanced expression of key enzymes involved in plant growth and bioactive compound accumulation, including 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase (MVD), farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR), 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase (FDFT1), and squalene monooxygenase (SQLE) during RT1 interaction. Whole genome sequencing of P. terricola revealed the presence of several gene clusters involved in tryptophan synthesis.Discussion: This study establishes endophytic fungal enhancement of A. orientale growth and bioactive compound accumulation, thereby increasing crop value and utility.

实验结论

提炼研究问题、关键发现与证据,快速把握文章的核心贡献。

研究问题
研究旨在探究泽泻内生真菌的多样性,并筛选能促进植物生长和活性三萜积累的菌株,同时解析其潜在的分子机制。
核心机制
内生真菌P. terricola RT1通过产生IAA促进植物生长,并通过上调植物体内三萜生物合成途径的关键酶基因(如HMGCR、MVD、FPPS等)促进三萜类化合物的积累。
主要证据
共培养实验显示RT1使根长和株高分别增加103%和121%,并使alisol B-23 acetate、alisol C-23 acetate和alisol B含量分别提高5.50、5.20和4.42倍;转录组分析显示相关基因显著上调,RT-qPCR验证了部分基因表达。
研究意义
本研究为药用植物内生真菌的筛选和应用提供了依据,通过增强植物生长和生物活性化合物积累,有望提高作物价值和实用性。

研究路径

按研究推进顺序梳理实验设计、验证步骤与关键观察。

1

泽泻不同部位内生真菌多样性分析

利用高通量测序和培养方法揭示泽泻根茎、花、根和叶中内生真菌的群落组成和多样性。

采集泽泻样品,分离四个部位,进行表面消毒;部分样本用于ITS扩增子高通量测序,另一部分用于分离培养内生真菌。

2

内生真菌促生特性筛选

通过体外实验筛选具有溶磷、产铁载体、抗氧化和产IAA能力的菌株,作为潜在促生菌。

对分离的19株真菌进行IAA产生、磷酸盐溶解、铁载体产生和过氧化氢酶活性测定。

3

候选菌株与泽泻共培养验证促生效果

验证筛选出的菌株对泽泻幼苗生长和根形态的影响,并观察菌根定殖。

将四种候选菌株(FL1, RT1, LF2, LF4)与泽泻无菌幼苗共培养3周,测量生长指标,并通过SEM观察根部定殖。

4

RT1对泽泻三萜积累的影响

检测RT1共培养对泽泻中主要三萜成分(alisol B-23 acetate, alisol C-23 acetate, alisol B)含量的影响。

共培养21天后,用UPLC-MS测定植物干粉中三萜含量。

5

转录组测序及RT-qPCR验证

探究RT1共培养对泽泻基因表达的影响,验证相关通路关键基因的表达变化。

对RT1处理和对照的泽泻植物进行转录组测序,分析差异表达基因,并进行KEGG富集分析;用RT-qPCR验证选取的5个DEGs。

6

内生真菌RT1全基因组测序

解析P. terricola RT1的基因组特征,并注释涉及生长促进和萜类合成的基因。

提取RT1基因组DNA,进行PacBio测序,并进行功能注释及通路分析。

研究方法

按研究目的归类文中使用的方法,便于定位所需技术。

产品清单

实验环节名称品牌货号
马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂----
孟加拉红琼脂----
玉米粉麦芽提取物琼脂----
氯霉素----
真菌DNA提取试剂盒Omega Bio-tek--
MS培养基----
Salkowski试剂----
NBRIP培养基----
Pikovskaya培养基----
磷比色测定试剂盒Elabscience Biotechnology Inc.--
CAS蓝色琼脂培养基----
过氧化氢酶活性测定试剂盒Elabscience Biotechnology Inc.--
Omega植物RNA提取试剂盒Omega Bio-tek--
QIAGEN基因组提取柱QIAGEN--
超高效液相色谱-质谱联用----
泽泻醇B-23乙酸酯----
泽泻醇C-23乙酸酯----
泽泻醇B----
PacBio Sequel II测序平台PacBio--

关键环节

汇总复现实验时建议重点确认的条件及原文阅读提示。

环节核对要点
植物采样
样品采集地点(福建建瓯县)及时间(2022年)
阅读提示:参见第2.1节
内生真菌分离培养
表面消毒条件(75%乙醇2分钟,3% NaClO 5分钟),培养基种类,培养温度(28°C)和时间(7-10天)
阅读提示:参见第2.2节
促生特性筛选
IAA、溶磷、铁载体和过氧化氢酶活性的具体测定条件及标准曲线浓度梯度
阅读提示:参见第2.4节
共培养实验
种子灭菌方法,MS培养基培养条件,光照周期(14/10小时),光照强度(6000 Lux),接种方法(5 mm菌块置于根尖3cm处),共培养时间(3周)
阅读提示:参见第2.5节
三萜含量测定
样品制备方法(0.5g干粉溶于25mL乙腈,超声30分钟),标准品来源,UPLC-MS条件
阅读提示:参见第2.7节
转录组分析
RNA提取试剂盒,测序平台,DEGs筛选标准(|log2foldchange|≥1,p<0.05)
阅读提示:参见第2.6节
全基因组测序
DNA提取试剂盒,测序平台(PacBio Sequel II),组装参数
阅读提示:参见第2.8节