植物生理

In eukaryotic cells many diverse cellular functions are regulated by reversible protein phosphorylation. In recent years, phosphoproteomics has become a powerful tool to study protein phosphorylation because it allows unbiased localization, and site-specific quantific ...

S-nitrosylation is a widespread modification of proteins. In plants, most information available to date regarding this modification was obtained using nitric oxide donors and concerned the proteins but not the identification of cysteine residues specifically modified in the pr ...

Phosphopeptide enrichment is the most critical step for successful LC-MS/MS-based shotgun phosphoproteomics. Recent technological improvements have made selective phosphopeptide enrichment from non-fractionated whole cell lysate digests with a single-step proce ...

We are currently using a 2-DE-based proteomics approach to study plant responses to pathogenic fungi by using the carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L)–Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi pathosystem. It is clear that the protocols for the first stages of a standard proteomics workflow must be ...

Substantial evidences implicate that sample preparation and protein extraction in proteomic studies of plant–pathogen interactions are critical to understand cross talk between host and pathogen. Therefore, interest is growing in applying proteomics techniques to inves ...

Two serious nuclear accidents during the past quarter of a century contaminated large agricultural areas with radioactivity. The remediation and possible recovery of radio-contaminated areas for agricultural purposes require comprehensive characterization of plants g ...

The isolation of cell organelles from model organisms in high purity is important for biochemical analyses of single proteins, entire metabolic pathways, and protein complexes and is absolutely essential for organelle proteome analyses. The efficient enrichment of nearly all cell ...

Free-flow electrophoresis (FFE) is a technique for separation of proteins, peptides, organelles, and cells. With zone electrophoresis (ZE-FFE), organelles are separated according to surface charge. The plant Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are similar in density and are there ...

Mitochondria are responsible for a number of major biochemical processes in plant cells including oxidative phosphorylation and photorespiration. Traditionally their primary role has been viewed as the oxidation of organic acids via the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the synthe ...

Shotgun proteomics allows the comprehensive analysis of proteins extracted from plant cells, subcellular organelles, and membranes. Previously, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomics was used for mass spectrometric analysis of plasma membrane protei ...

Plastids are specialized cell organelles in plant cells that are differentiated into various forms including chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and amyloplasts, and fulfill important functions in maintaining the overall cell metabolism and sensing environmental factors such as ...

The cytosol is the fluid portion of the cell that is not partitioned by membranes. It contains a highly diverse collection of substances and is central to many essential cellular processes ranging from signal transduction, metabolite production and transport, protein biosynthesis and ...

Suspension-cultured cells (SCC) are generally considered the most suitable cell systems to carry out scientific studies, including the extracellular proteome (secretome). SCC are initiated by transferring friable callus fragments into flasks containing liquid culture me ...

The quality of the collected experimental data very much depends on the quality of the biological starting material. Especially the proteome analysis of a highly dynamic system like the germinating and tube-growing pollen grain needs several precautions which allow an accurate and acc ...

It is impossible to capture in just one experiment all or most of the total set of protein species that constitute the cell’s proteome. Thus, according to our results, and even considering that they depend on the experimental system carried out (plant, yeast, fungi, or bacteria), the best protein extr ...

Proteomic analysis of xylem sap has recently become a major field of interest to understand several biological questions related to plant development and responses to environmental clues. The xylem sap appears as a dynamic fluid undergoing changes in its proteome upon abiotic and biotic ...

Rather than providing a single specific protocol, the inclusive area of seed proteomics is reviewed; methods are described and compared and primary literature citations are provided. The limitations and challenges of proteomics as an approach to study seed biology are emphasized. The p ...

In proteomics, liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is an invaluable technique to accurately identify and quantify large sets of proteins. In this chapter we show a time-effective, and detergent compatible, Ge-LC-LTQ-Orbitrap/MS proteomics workflow. T ...

Biological research has focused in the past on model organisms and most of the functional genomics studies in the field of plant sciences are still performed on model species or reference species that are characterized to a great extent. However, numerous non-model plants are essential as food, ...

Medicago truncatula has become the focus of systems biology research for improved legume crop breeding. In plant systems biology, several comparative studies have been carried out using liquid chromatography shotgun mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and database-dependent prote ...