植物生理

Medicago truncatula has been developed into a model species for legumes. Large numbers of ESTs have been sequenced, and sequencing of the complete gene-rich space of the genotype Jemalong A17 is in progress. By using cotyledons as explants for Agrobacterium infection and direct shoot forma ...

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Nicotiana species, namely, Nicotiana tobaccum and Nicotiana benthamiana, using leaf disks as the target explant has provided the plant community with a valuable tool for rapid evaluation of transgenes in higher plants. This protocol has a ...

Medicago truncatula is a forage crop that has been developed into a model legume. As a model plant, M. truncatula is particularly useful for the study of root endosymbiotic associations, including nodulation and mycorrhizal colonization. The development of different transformation ...

Limitations in transformation capability can be a significant barrier in making advances in our understanding of gene function through the use of transgenics. To this end we have developed both tissue culture and non-tissue culture-based methodologies for the production of transge ...

Arabidopsis floral dip transformation is notable for a number of reasons. First, it is strikingly simple to perform. Agrobacterium is applied to flowering Arabidopsis plants that subsequently set seed, and transgenic plants are then selected among the progeny seedlings. Because no pl ...

Crop improvement is limited by the availability of valuable traits in sexually compatible species. Access to new characters using genetic engineering would be of great value. Barley has been transformed using microprojectile bombardment and by direct gene transfer to protoplasts, ...

Legumes have long been recalcitrant to efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. The choice and use of model legume plants (Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus) for molecular studies has triggered extensive studies devoted to the development of eff ...

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is an effective method for introducing genes into maize. In this chapter, we describe a detailed protocol for genetic transformation of the maize genotype Hi II. Our starting plant material is immature embryos cocultivated with ...

Rice is the world’s most important food crop. Indica-type rice provides the staple food for more than half of the world population. To satisfy the growing demand of the ever-increasing population, more sustained production of indica-type rice is needed. In addition, because of the high per capita ...

Rye (Secale cereale L.) is one of the most recalcitrant plant species for tissue culture and genetic transformation. Embryogenic rye callus loses its ability to regenerate plants quickly in response to high density of Agrobacterium and other stressors. The cocultivation of Agrobacter ...

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of rice is now used in many laboratories worldwide. Several protocols have been developed and fine-tuned for particular genotypes, including commercial genotypes, making use of either mature seeds or immature embryos as target tissue for ...

This chapter describes a procedure for Agrobacterium-mediated wheat transformation. Freshly isolated immature embryos, precultured immature embryos, or embryogenic calli are inoculated with a disarmed A. tumefaciens strain C58 (ABI) harboring the binary vector pMON18365 ...

High-frequency Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation can be obtained in canola by optimizing the preconditioning time of the explant and cocultivation time with A. tumefaciens. A preconditioning time of 72 h and cocultivation of 48 h synergistically increase the t ...

All economically important Brassica species have been successfully transformed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Although different tissues have been used as explants, hypocotyls remain the most desirable explants for Brassica tissue culture owing to their amenability to ...

Considering the economic importance of cotton in many developing and developed countries, there is an urgent need to accelerate the application of biotechnological tools to address the problems associated with the production of this crop and to improve the quality of fiber and seed. This re ...

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is considered one of the recalcitrant species in terms of transformation and regeneration. A routine transformation system of this crop requires competent cell cultures for efficient plant regeneration as well as an effective method for gene delive ...

A protocol for rapid, highly efficient transformation of alfalfa is described. Leaf explants from growth chamber-grown plants of a highly regenerable genotype are surface-sterilized, the margins are removed, and explants are inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain L ...

Chickpea is one of the most important leguminous, cool-season, food crops, cultivated prevalently in the Asian Pacific region. In spite of its nutritional importance, its area of cultivation has been low, with virtually no increase. Conventional breeding has resulted in several importa ...

Legumes constitute one of the most important global groups of agricultural species, providing a major source of protein and oil for humans and animals as well as fixing nitrogen and improving the fertility of soils. Gene technology can assist plant improvement efforts in clovers (Trifolium ...

In this chapter we describe a robust method for transformation of peas that has been successfully used in our laboratory since 1992. Using immature pea seed collected from field- or greenhouse-grown plants, we have produced transgenic lines for over 30 genotypes including named pea cultiva ...