细胞功能测定

The bulk volume (about 85%) of the mammalian liver parenchyma is contributed by the hepatocytes, whereas at least four other types of cells constitute the remainder (1). Procedures for the isolation of all five cell types have been described, although not from the same liver. However, the isolation ...

There are a number of functional, metabolic differences between periportal and perivenous hepatocytes in the mammalian liver resulting from zonal differences in the activity of several enzymes, and possibly from morphological differences as well (1). Examples of key enzymes where t ...

There are several preadipocyte cell lines reported, but in this chapter, we will describe mainly the 3T3-L1 cells, which are best characterized and widely used for molecular biological studies. The 3T3-L1 cells were clonally isolated by Green and Kehinde from 3T3-Swiss albino. When these cel ...

Hormonally defined serum-free media have been developed for growth and functional studies with kidney epithelial cell cultures. Not only can several established kidney epithelial cell lines (MDCK and LLC-PK1) be grown in a serum-free environment (1,2), but in addition, primary cultur ...

In its simple forms, no special difficulty attaches to the tissue culture of skeletal muscle. Indeed, it is one of the easiest tissues to culture in large amounts because the starting material, skeletal muscle, is plentiful and readily obtainable from a wide variety of species, including humans. ...

This article will describe the basic techniques required for successful cell culture. It will also act to introduce some of the other chapters in this volume. It is not intended, as this volume is not, to describe the establishment of a tissue culture laboratory, nor to provide a historical or theoret ...

The ability to derive permanent tissue culture lines (1) of pluripotential stem cell lines (ES cells) from mouse embryos has provided a valuable model system for fundamental research into the cellular differentiation processes occuring in the normal embryo. Perhaps the most attracti ...

The culture of differentiated cells requires conditions that acknowledge the complicated cell-cell interactions that both occur in vivo and are responsible for affecting and maintaining the differentiated states of cells. In brief, one must use conditions that mimic the epitheli ...

The maintenance of normal primitive hemopoietic cell types in culture for long periods can be achieved either by culture of hemopoietic cells in association with bone marrow-derived stromal cells, as in long-term cultures, or by establishing factor-dependent primitive hemopoiet ...

High proliferative potential colony forming cells (HPP-CFC) in mouse bone marrow (BM) were defined functionally by their ability to form large colonies, greater than 0.5 mm diameter, and containing an average of 5 � 104 cells, in low-cell-density nutrient agar cultures after 10–14 d of incubati ...

The molecular phagocytic lineage comprises, in order of increasing maturity, the committed macrophage precursor cell, the monoblast, promonocyte, monocyte and the macrophage. Methods for the preparation and culture of bone marrow-derived macrophages, developed by Stanley and ...

Nearly all hematopoietic cells in mammals derive from precursors that undergo much or all of their development in the bone marrow. In vitro models for many lineages are available and represent modifications of the original bone marrow culture system designed by Dexter and Lajtha (1) and descr ...

Major advances in our understanding of human hematopoiesis have come from the development of semisolid in vitro culture techniques for the detection of progenitor cells capable of colony formation (see Chapter 28, this volume). However, colony assays select for hematopoietic precur ...

Agar culture systems for the clonal growth and differentiation of hemopoietic cells were first described 20 yr ago (1). The progenitor cells that developed into colonies in agar after several days of culture in the presence of a source of hemopoietic growth factor (2,3) were initially called “Co ...

Human hematopoietic tissue represents a complex developmental system that is closely regulated to ensure the maintenance of appropriate levels of circulating blood cells. At least nine distinct lineages of cells at various stages of maturation have been described (1). Substantial ...

My laboratory is involved in characterizing the behavior of cultured fibroblasts established from skin biopsies of normal boys and those affected with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We are also interested in the properties of fibroblasts obtained from female carriers of this X-linked ...

Erythroid progenitor cells have been classified into three groups of increasing maturity: the primitive burst forming unit (p-BFU-E), the mature burst forming unit (m-BFU-E), and the erythropoietin responsive colony forming unit (CFU-E). This classification is based on their time of ma ...

Bone marrow cells from a number of animal species have been used extensively in liquid and semisolid cultures to study hemopoiesis and to produce functional mature cells and factor-dependent cell lines (for review see ref. 1). Neutrophils and macrophages are produced without added growth f ...

It is appropriate that a chapter on cytogenetic techniques for studying leukemic tissue appears in a series on molecular methods since these subjects are closely related, both in history and in application. It is through molecular methods that the significance of specific recurring chro ...

The so-called hematopoietic stem cells from mouse and human bone marrow can be induced in vitro to form colonies, provided that the appropriate hormones (colony stimulating factors, CSFs) and culture conditions have been selected. Such hematopoietic colony cultures are of interest for ...