遗传学实验技术

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as a promising biomarker for many diseases. Research on urinary miRNAs, however, is at the early stage. Preliminary studies found an association between urinary miRNA levels and lupus nephritis. This chapter describes the methods of ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression at the �posttranscriptional level. Although circulating miRNAs in human body fluids have recently been recognized as disease biomarkers, especially in the field of oncology, little is known ab ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNA molecules that modulate specific target mRNAs and play very important roles in physiological processes. They were recently detected in body fluids such as blood, urine, saliva, and milk. These body fluid miRNAs have been studied thoroughly as po ...

Oral cancer diagnosis can be greatly facilitated by early diagnosis in order to improve the 50 % 5-year mortality that has not changed much over the last years. Saliva is an easily accessible medium that has been shown to contain microvesicles (exosomes) that enclose microRNAs. We have previously ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate protein levels post-transcriptionally. miRNAs play important regulatory roles in many cellular processes, including differentiation, neoplastic transformation, and cell replication and regeneration. Aber ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression and control a wide range of cellular processes. Extracellular forms of miRNA circulating in the bloodstream (circulating miRNA, c-miRNA) are of increasing interest for their potential ...

MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs which can be detected in body fluids as well as cells and tissues. miRs play important roles in various activities of cancer cells. The miRs in bloods called circulating miRs (cmiRs) are potential biomarkers for detecting and monitoring cancer progre ...

Small extracellular vesicles are released from both healthy and disease cells to facilitate cellular communication. They have a wide variety of names including exosomes, microvesicles and microparticles. Depending on their size, very small extracellular vesicles originati ...

Microsatellites have been utilized for decades for genotyping individuals in various types of research. Automated scoring of microsatellite loci has allowed for rapid interpretation of large datasets. Although the use of software produces an automated process to score or genotype ...

In genetics databases for crop plant species across the world, there are thousands of mapped loci that underlie quantitative traits, oligogenic traits, and simple traits recognized by association mapping in populations. The number of loci will increase as new phenotypes are measured in m ...

Theories and analytical tools of population genetics have been widely applied for addressing various questions in the fields of ecological genetics, conservation biology, and any context where the role of dispersal or gene flow is important. Underlying much of population genetics is t ...

Simple sequence repeats (SSR) are extensively used as genetic markers for studies of diversity, genetic mapping, and cultivar discrimination. The informativeness of a given SSR locus or a loci group depends on the number of alleles, their frequency distribution, as well as the kind of applica ...

Microsatellites have been increasingly used to investigate the population structure of malaria parasites, to map genetic loci contributing to phenotypes such as drug resistance and virulence in laboratory crosses and genome-wide association studies and to distinguish betwe ...

Microsatellites are ubiquitous throughout eukaryotic genomes and are useful in analyzing populations and genetic diversity. The QIAxcel system, an automated capillary electrophoresis device, allows the user to determine the size of microsatellite fragments, to discern all ...

Despite the advent of next generation sequencing techniques, which provide access to an enormous amount of genomic information in a relatively short time, the conventional Sanger sequencing and microsatellite genotyping analyses present a straightforward method to answer cle ...

Plant genotyping is performed for different purposes which dictate to a large extent the type of molecular makers and platform to be used. The level of throughput, the technical capacity of the genotyping facility, and the availability of reagents are also part of the decision towards a particu ...

The technique of SSR amplification is a prerequisite to generate the molecular profiles of various alleles of an individual or genotype. Amplification is the multifold duplication and accumulation of a targeted region which is achieved by polymerase chain reaction. It needs ingredie ...

In the modern age of genetic research there is a constant search for ways to improve the efficiency of plant selection. The most recent technology that can result in a highly efficient means of selection and still be done at a low cost is through plant selection directed by simple sequence repeats (SSRs or ...

Several molecular methods like real-time PCR (Q-PCR), expression sequence tag (EST) scan, microarray and microRNA analysis, and massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS) have proved to be increasingly sensitive and efficient for monitoring human embryonic stem cell (hESC) ...

Microsatellites (SSRs) are the most informative and popular class of molecular markers used for diverse purposes, particularly in plants: genetic diversity study, marker assisted selection, breeding, mapping, phylogenetics and phylogeography, systematics, etc. They have be ...