生物信息学技术

摘要:由于微阵列芯片资料集拥有非常大量的基因数目，以分群的方法自动发现生物模块(biological modules)是微阵列芯片分析的一项重要主题，功能性分群(functional Clustering)藉由测量基因对应的功能性批注(functional annotation)之间的共同发生的频率(co-occurrences)来进行分群，因此可以让相关基因和批注达到一个容易剖析的数字，以利后续的假设建立和实验设计，以下 ...

科研就是做好四样东西：1.看看文献，刚开始进入课题要看几本相关的专著，一定要吃透，哪怕是自己的教材也一样，要有系统全面的认识，然后阅读综述，一般只看外文，不看学生写的，一定要看他导师写的！因为学生的观点难免有片面的地方。然后以综述后面的重要文献为线索，不断拓展，其中以5年以内的文献最佳，太久的可以不看！然后看一般的文献，一般只看摘要和结论，像我们做工科的不需要看很详细，看看结果就行，看人家做得怎么样！因为那些讨论意义 ...

（1） 一忌急于求成。（2） 二忌没有自信自信是一个人要具有的根本特质之一。科研路上也是一样，往往充满了坎坷。但是，不能因为遇到了挫折就否定自己，要相信自己是独特的，要相信自己的是优秀的。“成功就是比跌倒多站起来一次”，记住：如果你注定要在第一万次才能成功，那么你赶快失败九千九百九十九次就可以了。只要你不断向着目标努力和前进，终有达成目标的一天，关键是要有信心，关键是要自信。（3） 三忌心浮气躁。科学研究是一个长期、渐进、积累的过程。 ...

一、研究生必备四本俗话说好记性不如烂笔头，所以一定要首先养成做笔记的好习惯！作为研究生下面这几个本子是必不可少的。1. 实验记录本（包括试验准备本），这当然首当其冲必不可少，我就不多说了；2. Idea记录本，每次看文献对自己有用的东西先记下，由此产生的idea更不能放过，这可是做研究的本钱，好记性不如烂笔头，以后翻翻会更有想法的；3. 专业概念以及理论进展记录本，每个人不可能对自己领域的概念都了如指掌，初入门者更是如此，这时候 ...

哪些蛋白质数据库最受研究者欢迎？GEN网站罗列出16个，包括BioGRID, DDBJ, ExPasy, Gepasi, IntAct, KEGG, MINT, MS-Fit, NCBI, STRING, Uniprot等，详细列表请见如下内容。最近，GEN网站应读者的要求，罗列出最受欢迎的蛋白质研究的数据库。详细列表请见如下内容。BioGRID数据库于2003年建立，是一个有关于蛋白质—蛋白质以及基因相互作用的数据库。DDBJ数据库，于1984年建立，是世界 ...

电子病历是医院中医疗信息系统的核心。医疗信息系统的主要功能是为医院的医疗提供信息服务，其各项功能都是建立在对病人的病历信息进行处理的基础上。易迅电子病历以建设电子病历系统为核心的一体化临床信息系统，面向全院医护人员、管理人员，全面实现医院临床业务工作的信息化、流程化、自动化管理，促进院内信息资源共享，挖掘信息资源应用价值，达到规范医疗服务行为、提高医疗服务质量、量化资源管理、提高管理水平、提高医院品牌知名度的战 ...

导语：2014年首刊，《Nature Methods》杂志将2013年度技术（Method of the Year 2013）授予了单细胞测序（single-cell sequencing）。同时，杂志还介绍了2014年值得关注的技术，包括CRISPR和基因组编辑、原位测序、迷你胞内探针、单粒子低温电子显微镜等。2014年首刊，《Nature Methods》杂志将2013年度技术（Method of the Year 2013）授予了单细胞测序（single- ...

Out of sight, out of mind.First off, the obligatory warning. Don't try this at home, kids! In the hands of inexperienced laymen, the method I am about to describe will inevitably be a disaster. Like, fatal-type disaster. Consider yourself forewarned.That said, I have to admit that Jillian was truly one to die ...

Tools from metabolic engineering and synthetic biology are synergistically used in order to develop high-performance cell factories. However, the number of successful applications has been limited due to the complexity of exploring efficiently the metabolic space for the disco ...

Isotope-based metabolic flux analysis is one of the emerging technologies applied to system level metabolic phenotype characterization in metabolic engineering. Among the developed approaches, 13C-based metabolic flux analysis has been established as a standard tool and has b ...

Fluxomics, through its core methodology of metabolic flux analysis (MFA), enables quantification of carbon traffic through cellular biochemical pathways. Isotope labeling experiments aid MFA by providing information on intracellular fluxes, especially through parall ...

13C-Metabolic flux analysis (13C-MFA) is a powerful technique for quantifying intracellular metabolic fluxes in living cells. These in vivo fluxes provide important information on the physiology of cells in culture, which can be used for metabolic engineering purposes and serve as in ...

13C metabolic flux analysis (MFA) is a powerful approach for quantifying cell physiology based upon a combination of extracellular flux measurements and intracellular isotope labeling measurements. In this chapter, we present the method of isotopically nonstationary 13C MFA (I ...

The non-synonymous SNPs, the so-called non-silent SNPs, which are single-nucleotide variations in the coding regions that give “birth” to amino acid mutations, are often involved in the modulation of protein function. Understanding the effect of individual amino acid mutations on a pro ...

Genomics is based on the ability to determine the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome of a cell. These technologies only have added value when they are integrated and based on robust and reproducible workflows. This chapter describes the experimental design, sampling, sample pretr ...

Genome-scale metabolic models (GMMs) have been recognized as being powerful tools for capturing system-wide metabolic phenomena and connecting those phenomena to underlying genetic and regulatory changes. By formalizing and codifying the relationship between the levels of g ...

Transcriptome profiling allows massively parallel analysis of the dynamic expression of all genes and captures the cell physiology and regulatory mechanism in a holistic manner. Compared to other “omic” techniques, transcriptome is more tractable and sensitive. Transcriptom ...

By the combinations of high-throughput analytical technologies in the fields of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, we are now able to gain comprehensive and quantitative snapshots of the intracellular processes. Dynamic intracellular activities and their reg ...

The biochemical composition of a cell is very complex and dynamic. It varies greatly among different organisms and environmental conditions. Inclusion of proper cell composition data is critical for accurate genome-scale metabolic flux modeling using flux balance analysis (FBA). ...

Genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions, assembled from annotated genomes, serve as a platform for integrating data from heterogeneous sources and generating hypotheses for further experimental validation. Implementing constraint-based modeling techni ...