植物学技术

Today, the conservation of ornamental germplasm can take advantage of innovative techniques which allow preservation in vitro (slow growth storage) or in liquid nitrogen (cryopreservation) of plant material. Slow growth storage refers to the techniques enabling the in vitro conse ...

Since the first successful genetic engineering of flower color in petunia, several new techniques have been developed and applied to modify flower color not only in model plants but also in floricultural plants. A typical example is the commercial violet-flowered carnation “Moondust s ...

The genus Lathyrus is best known because it includes a number of wild relatives of the protein pea which, despite being generally neglected and under-utilised, hold considerable potential as a useful genetic resource for the acquisition of interesting stress resistant traits importa ...

Enhancement of efficiency and efficacy of plant regeneration are primary goals of micropropagation. An efficient method with rapid and improved shoot regeneration of gladiolus based upon matrix supported liquid culture technique has been demonstrated. This technique in addit ...

The growing demand for flower extracts in perfume trade can primarily be met by increasing flower production and multiplying planting material. The major commercial aromatic flower yielding plants including Jasminum officinale L., a member of the Family Oleaceae have drawn the atten ...

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is one of the most popular ornamental plants worldwide and also among the most studied ones, mainly in cut flower postharvest physiology. Several protocols for the in vitro propagation of this species including nodal segment culture, somatic embry ...

Methods for in vitro initiation and multiplication and general culture practices of Rhododendron are presented. Also acclimatization procedures are described. Protocols for callus, shoot, and root induction are described. Several protocols for breeding applications are hi ...

Numerous shoots were directly regenerated from the leaf explants of Lysionotus pauciflorus on the MS medium containing 0.5–2 �M NAA with or without 1 �M BA. The calli were induced from the leaves on MS medium supplemented with 2 �M 2, 4-D. The calli proliferated about four times in fresh weight in the liquid m ...

With more than 450 species, Passiflora is the most important genus of the family Passifloraceae. It comprises many species grown for their edible fruits, for their high ornamental value, and further for the therapeutic properties. With their striking exotic flowers, they are of particular i ...

Chrysanthemum flowers Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitam., are commercially significant worldwide as there are large number of cultivars for cut flowers, pot flowers, and garden flowers. Commercial in vitro multiplication of chrysanthemum is often based on stem nodal ex ...

In vitro propagation of rose is an important tool for rapid multiplication and development of new cultivars with desirable traits. However, successful in vitro propagation requires an understanding of specific requirements and precise manipulation of various factors. Efficie ...

Codiaeum variegatum (L) Blume cv. “Corazon de oro” and cv. “Norma” are successfully micropropagated when culture are initiated with explants taken from newly sprouted shoots. The establishment and multiplication steps are possible when 1 mg/L BA or 1 mg/L IAA and 3 mg/L 2iP are added to MS medium, acco ...

Geraniums (Pelargonium spp.) are among the most popular bedding and pot plants (25 % of the French domestic market). On one hand, as vegetatively propagated plants, Pelargonium are submitted to pathogen pressure. On the other hand, innovation via interspecific hybridisation faces some di ...

Tissue culture techniques are routinely used for mass propagation and the establishment of disease free stock material. Virtually all pot type Anthuriums available in the market today are produced by tissue culture. In this chapter, we describe an efficient protocol to obtain Anthurium ...

Plants respond and adapt to drought, cold, and high-salinity stresses. Stress-inducible gene products function in the stress response and tolerance in plants. Using cDNA microarrays and oligonucleotide microarrays, stress-inducible genes have been identified in various plant ...

A powerful means to learn about gene functions in a developmental or physiological context in an organism is to isolate the corresponding mutants with altered phenotypes. Diverse mutagenic agents, including chemical and biological, have been widely employed, and each comes with its own a ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22-nucleotide (nt)-long non-coding RNAs that play a key role in plant development and abiotic stresses. We have developed a simple but effective array platform for profiling plant miRNAs from various plant species. The array is composed of 188 non-red ...

In plants, small RNA (microRNAs and other endogenous small RNAs)-guided target gene expression is vital for a wide variety of biological processes including adaptation to stress conditions. Identification of stress-regulated microRNAs or other classes of endogenous small RNAs a ...

Abiotic stresses often cause metabolic imbalances which affect cellular redox homeostasis and alter the rate of reduction state of functional and regulatory protein thiols and the rate of reactive oxygen species release. Excessive displacement from redox equilibrium causes ox ...

Among the open-ended techniques for identifying differentially expressed genes in response to stress, the PCR-based suppression subtraction hybridization (SSH) is widely used. The popularity of this technique stems from the ease of conducting this procedure in any laboratory set ...