Astaxanthin is a potent antioxidant with antiproliferative,neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity.Astaxanthin protects against oxidative stress,inhibiting NF-KB,suppressing pro-inflammatory genes and suppressing production of pro-inflammatory compounds nitric oxide,prostaglandin E2,TNF-α,and interleukin-1β.Astaxanthin′s protection of cells from oxidative stress generated by TNF-α and palmitate has been shown to ameliorate insulin resistance.Astaxanthin has also been shown to be an inhibitor of PPARγ.