关于Ephrin-A1:
Ephrin-A1 is a member of the A-type ephrin family of cell surface proteins that function as ligands for the A-type Eph receptor tyrosine kinase family. Ephrin-A1 can be induced by TNF and IL1B. Its expression levels can be down-regulated in primary glioma tissues compared to the normal tissues. The soluble monomeric form is expressed in the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and breast cancer cells. Soluble Ephrin-A1 is necessary for the transformation of HeLa and SK-BR3 cells and participates in the relocalization of EPHA2 away from sites of cell-cell contact during transformation. Ephrin-A1 plays an important role in angiogenesis and tumor neovascularization.
关于CTGF/CCN2:
CTGF belongs to the CCN (CTGF/Cyr61/Cef10/NOVH) protein family, which is comprised of six secreted proteins that reside in the extracellular matrix (ECM). CTGF causes a variety of cellular responses including reduced cell adhesion and enhanced cell migration and proliferation. CTGF has also been shown to be essential for epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process whereby normal functioning cells morph into ones that produce mainly scar tissue (of which collagen in the major protein component).
关于Collectin-11:
Collectin-11 is a secreted protein that belongs to the COLEC10/COLEC11 family. Collectin-11 contains one C-type lectin domain and one collagen-like domain. Collectins play important roles in the innate immune system by binding to carbohydrate antigens on microorganisms, facilitating their recognition and removal. Collectin-11 binds to various sugars including fucose and mannose, but does not bind to glucose, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine. It has a higher affinity for fucose compared to mannose. Collectin-11 binds lipopolysaccharides (LPS). It also involved in fundamental development serving as a guidance cue for neural crest cell migration. Defects in Collectin-11 are the cause of 3MC syndrome type 2 (3MC2).