关于PTH: Parathyroid hormone is the most important endo*(代"c")rine regulator of calcium and phosphorus concentration in extracellular fluid. This hormone is secreted from cells of the parathyroid glands and finds its major target cells in bone and kidney. Another hormone, parathyroid hormone-related protein, binds to the same receptor as parathyroid hormone and has major effects on development. Like most other protein hormones, parathyroid hormone is synthesized as a preprohormone. After intracellular processing, the mature hormone is packaged within the Golgi into secretory vesicles, the secreted into blood by exocytosis. Parathyroid hormone is secreted as a linear protein of 84 amino acids.
关于Ephrin-A1: Ephrin-A1 is a member of the A-type ephrin family of cell surface proteins that function as ligands for the A-type Eph receptor tyrosine kinase family. Ephrin-A1 can be induced by TNF and IL1B. Its expression levels can be down-regulated in primary glioma tissues comp*(代"a")red to the normal tissues. The soluble monomeric form is expressed in the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and breast cancer cells. Soluble Ephrin-A1 is necessary for the transformation of HeLa and SK-BR3 cells and participates in the relocalization of EPHA2 away from sites of cell-cell contact during transformation. Ephrin-A1 plays an important role in angiogenesis and tumor neovascularization.