Articaine hydrochloride (Hoe-045) is an amide anaesthetic containing an ester group, reversibly binding to the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channels within the inner cavity of the nerve, can provide effective pain relief. Articaine hydrochloride ameliorates LPS-induced acute kidney injury via inhibition of NF-ĸB activation and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway[1][2][3].