In Vitro: Epoxomicin shows quite potent cytotoxicities against all of the cells tested. Epoxomicin inhibits the cells growth of B16-F10, HCT116, Moser, P388 and K562 cells of IC50 values of 0.002 μg/mL, 0.005 μg/mL, 0.044 μg/mL, 0.002 μg/mL and 0.037 μg/mL. Epoxomicin has antiproliferative activity with an IC50 of 4 nM in EL4 lymphoma cells.
In Vivo: Epoxomicin (0.063-1 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; once daily; for 9 days; male BDFX mice) treatment shows significant antitumor effect with the minimumeffective dose of 0.13mg/kg/day. Epoxomicin also effectively inhibits NF-κB activation in vitro and potently blocks in vivo inflammation in the murine ear edema assay. Epoxomicin is injected into adult rats over a period of 2 weeks. After a latency of 1 to 2 weeks, animals developed progressive Parkinsonism with bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and an abnormal posture. Postmortem analyses shows striatal dopamine depletion and dopaminergic cell death with apoptosis in the substantia nigra pars compacta.