In Vitro: EM-163 (50-100 μg/mL) can target the TIR domain, binding to the protein of the TIR domain and inhibit the interaction of the TIR-TIR domain . EM-163 (10-500 μM; 30 min) inhibits the production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-1b induced by SEB (200 ng/mL) in human mononuclear cells (MNS) .
In Vivo: EM-163 (0.21-0.86 mg/mouse; i.p.; Single dose) can effectively inhibit the release of proinflammatory cytokines and delay or avoid death from toxic shock caused by Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in BALB/c mice.