描述 GM-CSF在应对感染的紧急造血(主要是骨髓生成)信号传导中发挥着关键作用,包括骨髓中粒细胞和巨噬细胞的产生及其在损伤或损伤部位的维持、存活和功能激活。GM-CSF的受体是一种异二聚体,包括一个主要结合亚基(GMRα)和一个主要信号亚基(βc)。受体亚基总是在白细胞表面共表达,其中βc的表达水平低于GMRα。据报道,某些非造血细胞类型在体外表达GM-CSF受体并对GM-CSF刺激作出反应,尽管这些观察结果在体内的意义尚不确定。 GM-CSF plays a key role in signaling emergency hemopoiesis (predominantly myelopoiesis) in response to infection, including the production of granulocytes and macrophages in the bone marrow and their maintenance, survival, and functional activation at sites of injury or insult. The receptor for GM-CSF is a heterodimer that comprises a major binding subunit (GMRα) and a major signaling subunit (βc). The receptor subunits are always coexpressed on the surface of leukocytes, with βc being expressed at lower levels than GMRα. Certain nonhemopoietic cell types have also been reported to express the GM-CSF receptor and to respond to GM-CSF stimulation in vitro, although the in vivo significance of these observations remains uncertain.
Product Details Source Human GM-CSF, amino acids Ala18- Glu144 (Accession# NM_000758) was expressed in E. coli.
Molecular Mass The 127 amino acid N-terminal methionylated recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of 14477.5 Da. The DTT-reduced protein migrates at approximately 14 kDa and the non-reduced protein migrates with slightly greater mobility by SDS-PAGE.
Purity >95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE. Formulation 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in PBS. Endotoxin Level Less than 0.01ng per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.
Concentration 10 and 25 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
Storage & Handling Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Activity The ED50 = 0.01 – 0.04 ng/mL as determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of TF-1 cell proliferation.
The specific activity of recombinant human GM-CSF is approximately 1.6 x 104 IU/µg when compared against the 1st WHO International Standard for Human GM-CSF (NIBSC code: 88/646).
For more information on specific activity, please visit the Recombinant Protein Unit Conversions page.Application Bioassay
Application Notes BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at tech@biolegend.com.
Antigen Details Structure Cytokine Distribution T cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, mast cells.
Function Synergistic with IL-1, IL-3, G-CSF; E21R competitive antagonist for receptor binding; stored in ECM with heparan sulfate proteoglycans
Interaction Granulocyte/macrophage/erythroid/megakaryocytic progenitors, myeloblasts, monoblasts, dendritic cells, T cells.
Ligand/Receptor Heterodimer GM-CSFR α subunit (CDw116); β-subunit (CDw131) in common
Bioactivity Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and the related cytokines interleukin (IL)-3 and IL-5 regulate the production and functional activation of hemopoietic cells, with GM-CSF acting on monocyte/macrophages and all granulocytes.
Cell Type Embryonic Stem Cells, Hematopoietic stem and progenitors Biology Area Cell Biology, Stem Cells Molecular Family Cytokines/Chemokines, Growth Factors