Rho B

Mediates apoptosis in neoplastically transformed cells after DNA damage. Not essential for development but affects cell adhesion and growth factor signaling in transformed cells. Plays a negative role in tumorigenesis as deletion causes tumor formation. Involved in intracellular protein trafficking of a number of proteins. Targets PKN1 to endosomes and is involved in trafficking of the EGF receptor from late endosomes to lysosomes. Also required for stability and nuclear trafficking of AKT1/AKT which promotes endothelial cell survival during vascular development. miscellaneous:RHOB is one of the targets of farnesyltransferase inhibitors which are currently under investigation as cancer therapeutics. These elevate the levels of geranylgeranylated RHOB and cause mislocalization, leading to apoptosis and antineoplastic effects. PTM:Prenylation specifies the subcellular location of RHOB. The farnesylated form is localized to the plasma membrane while the geranylgeranylated form is localized to the endosome. Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. subcellular location:Late endosomal membrane (geranylgeranylated form). Plasma membrane (farnesylated form). Also detected at the nuclear margin and in the nucleus. subunit:Binds ROCK1 and ROCK2. Also binds PKN1/PRK1. Interacts with ARGGEF3, RTKN and AKAP13.