细胞技术

The proteomics analysis of protein kinases and other cell-signaling proteins in tumor samples by traditional two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis is complicated by the low abundance of these regulatory proteins relative to metabolic enzymes and structural proteins. We pr ...

During T-cell maturation, T-cell receptor (TCR) gene segments rearrange, resulting in a new, unique DNA configuration. The recombined TCR gene loci display a high degree of nucleotide sequence variability. Molecular biological clonality assays focus on this cell-specific DNA patt ...

Elucidation of signal transduction pathways involved in proliferation, cell cycle progression and the regulation of apoptosis has shown great promise in the treatment of various diseases including neoplastic, inflammatory, autoimmune, immunodeficiency, arthritic and n ...

It has been shown that antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) treatments provide an effective, specific approach to inhibiting the function of target proteins. Using this method, we have acquired additional evidence that protein kinase C-epsilon functions as an oncogenic protein ...

Identifying substrates of receptor and non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases (PTK), and how phosphorylation of these substrates affects signaling and cytoskeletal pathways, has been a key step in understanding the role of PTK in differentiation, mitogenesis and oncogenesis. Ho ...

Compounds based on a flavonoid (di-phenolic) ring structure are emerging as a potentially important new class of pharmaceutical compounds with a broad range of biological activities, most prominent of which is their potential role as anticancer agents.

Prostate cancer affects many men in the West but rarely occurs in Japan or China. Some epidemiological factors that may be important in this are described elsewhere in this volume. Prostate cancer has become the most common malignancy and the second highest cause of cancer death in Western societ ...

Although epithelial stem cells are implicated in the etiology of both benign prostatic hyperplasia and cancer (1,2), there has, until recently, been little information regarding their characteristics. Stem cells are well characterized in several other mammalian epithelial tiss ...

Well-established techniques are now in place to culture several of the major types of cells in the prostate. Epithelial cells with characteristics of basal and/or secretory luminal cells can be grown in vitro, as can stromal cells with properties of fibroblasts and/or smooth muscle. In most cas ...

Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in the United States, as well as in the Western World, and the second leading cause of male cancer death in the United States (1). The recent progress made in identifying prostate cancer genes and understanding prostate cancer genetics is impressive. Ho ...

Sutherland and coworkers developed and used the spheroid model in the 1970s for radiobiological studies (1–6). Spheroids are three-dimensional (spherical) clusters of tumor cells grown from one or several cell clones. The spheroid model contains many of the elements of a tumor xenograft i ...

Prostate cancer is now the most common malignancy and the second highest cause of cancer death of men in Western society. It has a reasonably slow doubling time, is initially androgen dependent (AD) or androgen sensitive (AS), produces prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and prostate specific m ...

An appropriate model to study the complex process of prostate tumorigenesis needs to reflect at least some aspects of the human disease presented in the clinic. The progression of prostate cancer includes the development of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN, the ...

According to the American Cancer Society, adenocarcinoma of the prostate is the most common newly-diagnosed cancer in men and was the secondleading cause of cancer-related death in men more than 60 yr of age in the year 2000 (1). Much of the morbidity and mortality associated with prostate cancer is t ...

Cell culture utilizes a number of core techniques, and although there can be marked diversity in how these procedures are practiced, there are elements and features that are universally applied. This chapter describes some of the essential techniques and provides typical protocols. It is a ...

Cell culture is practiced extensively throughout the world today. The techniques required to allow cells to grow and be maintained outside the body have been developed throughout the 20th century. In the 50 years since the publication of the first human cancer cell line, HeLa (1), thousands of cell ...

The requirement for authentication of cell lines has a history almost as long as cell culturing itself, presumably beginning when more then one cell line could be cultured continuously. The application of specific species markers, including cell-surface antigens and chromosomes, sh ...

The ability to establish cell cultures from primary tumors and metastases of prostate cancer in a reliable and consistent manner is a valuable tool for studying the biology of these tumors and evaluating the effectiveness of novel therapies. A procedure to propagate human prostatic epith ...

The total number of human tumor cell lines is probably too great to count accurately, but given the established sum from hematopoietic tumors alone, over 1000 known samples (1), the grand total may well exceed 10,000. Because only a minority of these cell lines are in regular use, individuals describ ...

The availability of continuous human leukemia cell lines as a rich resource of abundant, accessible, and manipulable living cells has contributed significantly to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of hematopoietic tumors (1). The first malignant hematopoietic cell l ...