细胞技术

During the last 4 decades, gene therapy has moved from preclinical to clinical studies for many diseases ranging from monogenic recessive disorders such as hemophilia to more complex diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To date, mo ...

Synthesis and evaluation of a novel cancer cell’s receptor-targeted internally quaternized and surface neutral poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) generation four dendrimer as well as PAMAM–paclitaxel conjugate are described. The advantages of developed nanocarriers include but a ...

Cancer nanotechnology has the potential to dramatically improve current approaches to cancer detection, diagnosis, imaging, and therapy while reducing toxicity associated with traditional cancer therapy (1, 2). In this overview, we will define cancer nanotechnology, consider ...

Immunoliposomes generated by coupling of antibodies to the liposomal surface allow for an active tissue targeting, e.g., through binding to tumor cell-specific receptors. Instead of whole antibodies, single-chain Fv fragments (scFv), which represent the smallest part of an antibody ...

Nanotechnology is the key to a new, noninvasive photoacoustic imaging technique that could detect early stages of disease tissues. The combination of photoacoustic imaging with nanotechnology holds promise for determining the structural and functional properties of tissues w ...

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a morphologically and biochemically distinct form of cell death, which together with proliferation plays an important role in tissue development and homeostasis. Insufficient apoptosis is important in the pathology of various disorders su ...

This chapter describes the application of gold nanorods in biomedical imaging and photothermal therapy. The photothermal properties of gold nanorods are summarized and the synthesis as well as antibody conjugation of gold nanorods is outlined. Biomedical applications of gold nan ...

Shortwave (MHz range) radiofrequency (RF) energy is nonionizing, penetrates deeply into biological tissues with no adverse side effects, and heats metallic nanoparticles efficiently. Targeted delivery of these nanoparticles to cancer cells should result in hyperthermic cy ...

In order to stop malignant tumor growth, 90% of a critical biochemical pathway needs to be blocked. Due to extraordinary advances in molecular biology, there is an increased understanding of rationale and relevant molecular targets in cancer. However, due to the heterogeneity of the molecul ...

Liposomal doxorubicin and nab-paclitaxel are nanoparticle formulations of traditional cancer chemotherapy drugs which have ample clinical experience both pre- and post-nanoparticle modification. The alterations in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficac ...

Since their initial description in 1857, gold nanoparticles have been used extensively in the fields of diagnostics and therapeutics. Now, gold nanoparticles are engineered to target the delivery of potent anti-cancer therapeutics to solid tumors to improve either their safety or eff ...

Effective cancer therapy remains one of the most challenging tasks to the scientific community, with little advancement on overall cancer survival landscape during the last two decades. A major limitation inherent to most conventional anticancer chemotherapeutic agents is their ...

Nanotechnology is actively being used to develop promising diagnostics and therapeutics tools for the treatment of cancer and many other diseases. The unique properties of nanomaterials offer an exciting frontier of possibilities for biomedical researchers and scientists. Be ...

A wide variety of bioimaging techniques (e.g., ultrasound, computed X-ray tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography) are commonly employed for clinical diagnostics and scientific research. While all of these methods use a characteristic “en ...

Gold nanocages are hollow nanostructures with porous walls that can be simply prepared via the galvanic replacement reaction between silver nanocubes and chloroauric acid. Their optical resonance peaks can be precisely tuned into the near-infrared region, in which the adsorption c ...

Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States and contributes to yearly rising health care costs. Current methods of treating cancer involve surgical removal of easily accessible tumors, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. These methods do not always result in full treatment of the ...

Gold nanorods (GNRs) are strongly absorbing at near-infrared (NIR) frequencies and can be employed as multifunctional agents for biological imaging and theragnostics. GNRs can support nonlinear optical microscopies based on two-photon-excited luminescence and can enhance t ...

One of the renowned nanosized pharmaceutical carriers for delivery of poorly soluble drugs, especially, in cancer, is micelles, which are self-assembled colloidal particles with a hydrophobic core and hydrophilic shell. Among the micelle-forming compounds, micelles made of poly ...

This chapter describes the practical aspects of performing cytogenetic studies in a variety of lymphoid disorders, including the lymphomas, multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and other chronic lymphoproliferative diseases. They are also required for studies of ...

This chapter describes the background to cytogenetic studies in lymphoid disorders other than common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); these include the less primitive kinds of ALL, such as T-cell ALL and B-cell ALL, all kinds of lymphoma, the chronic lymphoproliferative disorders, a ...