细胞技术

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein of 170 kDa with an extracellular EGF-binding domain and intracellular domain possessing intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity (1-3). Overexpression of the EGFR has been reported in a wide range of human malignan ...

Lung cancer cells express receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that may be important targets for therapies. RTKs are proto-oncogenes, which are key regulators for cell growth, differentiation, survival, or motility. More than 50 RTKs, in both lung and other tissues, have been identified (1). The r ...

Epigenetic DNA modification by aberrant methylation of cytosine residues is thought to be an important mechanism contributing to tumorigenesis. Methylation of cytosines normally occurs at distinct sites of the genome containing stretches of repeated CpG (CpG islands) often fou ...

There is compelling evidence that human lung cancers are characterized by disruption of several important physiological pathways that govern proliferation, apoptosis, intracellular signaling, and cell-cell interactions. Uncontrolled cellular proliferation is one of ...

Cellular DNA is continuously exposed to a variety of insults induced by different endogenous or exogenous agents, including ionizing radiation, ultraviolet (UV) light, chemicals, and by-products of oxidative stress (1). Damaged DNA, if not repaired, can cause cell death, aging and cancer. ...

Cancer cells continue cell division and proliferation until they kill the host. Human germline cells have the capacity to undergo repeated cell divisions for millions of years, living on in descendants. However, most normal somatic cells can divide no more than several dozens of times. Recent ...

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from the endothelium, develops in response to metabolic demands of tissues and tumors, and is thought to play an essential role in progression of solid tumors, including lung cancer (1). It is observed in early stages of lung carcinogenesis, such as ...

In recent years, the observation that many endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors are fragments of larger molecules has driven significant research efforts to understand the mechanisms by which these cryptic angiogenesis inhibitors are liberated. Our interest in this area stemmed ...

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the western world. Of patients with lung cancer, in the region of 90% are either current or ex-cigarette smokers. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approx 80% of these cases. Despite improvements in the diagnostic evaluat ...

The importance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the growth and spread of solid tumors has been known for over a decade (1,2). However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate their expression and the elucidation of their role in angiogenesis are subjects of extensive, ongoing investi ...

Tumor angiogenesis enables a pre-existing tumor to grow and metastasize. The term angiogenesis designates development of new blood vessels from preexisting vasculature. Goldman (1), in 1907, was the fi rst to describe the formation of new blood vessels, i.e., angiogenesis, around tumors. G ...

Cancer is a disease of altered cellular homeostasis. Therefore, pathways for induction of differentiation and programmed cell death are being considered as targets for therapeutic approaches (1,2). Data indicate that those lung cancer patients whose tumors demonstrate squamous ...

-substance P (6-11) (antagonist G) is a novel class of anti-cancer agent that inhibits small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell growth in vitro and in vivo and is entering Phase II clinical investigation for the treatment of SCLC (1,2). Although antagonist G blocks SCLC cell growth (IC50 = 24.5 � 1.5 and 38.5 � 1.5 μM for the ...

Apoptosis, a unique mode of cell death that occurs physiologically as part of a “program” to eliminate unwanted cells, was first described in 1972 (1) and is now one of the most active areas of biologic research. This process occurs during development, as a defense mechanism when cells are damaged by dis ...

Angiogenesis—the development and formation of new blood vessels—is important in a variety of processes such as growth and differentiation, wound healing, and the formation of neoplasms. An avascular tumor grows to a size of 2-3 mm and only rapidly expands when it becomes vascularized. Many ce ...

Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer deaths in both men and women in the U.S. (1). Although tobacco smoking is accepted as the number one cause of this devastating disease, our understanding of the acquired genetic changes leading to lung cancer is still rudimentary. Lung cancer is classifi ...

The clinical management of lung neoplasia now involves considerations of several diagnostic categories that were not in common use only a few years ago. In particular, there is now an increased recognition of neuroendocrine differentiation in lung cancer, including acknowledgment ...

Epidemiology has identified several etiological factors in lung cancer, of which the most important are exposure to cigarette smoke and other uses of tobacco products (1,2). Epidemiological studies also have proved the synergistic effects between many of these factors, for example sm ...

Human lung cancers are divided into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the two types having distinct clinical, histological, and biological features. Clinically, SCLC tends to present as a disseminated cancer that is not amenable to surgical resection and is ...

Neoplastic disease occurs more frequently in immunocompromised patients than in the general population. It may be the presenting condition in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The appearance of Kaposi ’s sarcoma (KS) in young men in the United States in the early 19 ...