弱弱的问一句:CHIP on chip 是什么意思啊?看到一份试题里的名词解释,不知道哪位大侠帮忙回答一下!
ChIP-on-chip, also known as genome-wide location analysis, is a technique for isolation and identification of the DNA sequences occupied by specific DNA binding proteins in cells. These binding sites may indicate functions of various transcriptional r egulators and help identify their target genes during animal development and disease progression. The identified binding sites may also be used as a basis for annotating functional elements in genomes. The types of functional elements that one can ident ify using ChIP-on-chip include promoters, enhancers, repressor and silencing elements, insulators, boundary elements, and sequences that control DNA replication. The ChIP-on-chip is a technological platform used by the ENCODE consortium to map functional elements in the human genome. Please click on the picture above to find information on ChIP-on-chip literature, protocols, ChIP-grade antibodies, data analysis software, and commercial DNA microarrays suitable for ChIP-on-chip.
染色质免疫共沉淀-芯片(Chromatin Immunoprecipitation –chip,ChIP-chip),它的基本原理是在生理状态下把细胞内的蛋白质和DNA交联在一起,超声波将其打碎为一定长度范围内的染色质小片段,然后通过所要研究的目的蛋白质特异性抗体沉淀此复合体,特异性地富集目的蛋白结合的DNA片段,通过对目的片断的纯化与检测,从而获得蛋白质与DNA相互作用的信息。ChIP与基因芯片相结合建立的ChIP-chip方法已广泛用于特定反式因子靶基因的高通量筛选;ChIP与体内足迹法相结合,用于寻找反式因子的体内结合位点;RNA-CHIP用于研究RNA在基因表达调控中的作用。它与DNA芯片和分子克隆技术相结合,可用于高通量的筛选已知蛋白质分析的未知DNA靶点和研究反式作用因子在整个基因组上的分布情况。染色质免疫共沉淀技术与芯片技术相结合更有助于科学家发明疾病的有效治疗方法。调控蛋白与基因组DNA结合能够控制DNA复制和基因表达,作为细胞调节网络中的开关,结合位点分析信息与基因表达数据相结合,将能有助于分析寻找生物标志物(biomarker)。转录因子通过与核酸直接的相互作用等方式在细胞内发挥着重要的转录调控作用。它们通常序列特异性地结合在基因转录起始位点上游的启动子区来调节该基因的转录。而ASB的启动子芯片技术则是用于检测单个转录因子在细胞中的某一时刻与20,000个基因启动子相互作用的情况。通过染色质免疫共沉淀(ChIP)技术和启动子芯片的有机结合,可以确定任何一个特定转录因子的靶基因群。