油料作物
油体是油料作物储藏三酯酰甘油等脂类物质的地方,是为种子萌发提供碳源的重要细胞器。通过蛋白融合的方法将目的蛋白质与油脂蛋白融合,重组蛋白特异性表达在油体中,利用油体的简单分离提取方法可将重组蛋白提取出来。因此,以油体类作物为生物反应器,产品的下游加工与纯化就非常简单。通过此类表达宿主,加拿大SemBioSys公司用Safflower来生产治疗心血管疾病,其中糖尿病的产品已经进入临床I期和III期研究。
国内主要围绕植物油体反应器系统建立了红花、拟南芥、亚麻芥、油菜等油体表达系统。
植物油体生物反应器的优势:
1、油体蛋白含量高(占种子总蛋白的2-10%),其融合蛋白也能高水平表达;
2、红花、亚麻芥等均属于自花授粉作物,基因污染概率很低;
3、植物种子可大规模生产,易储存(常温储存5年外源药物蛋白仍具有活性);
4、表达产物易于纯化,成本较低;
5、红花、亚麻芥等适应能力强,具有抗旱、抗寒和耐盐碱的能力,可利用盐碱荒滩,节约耕地资源。
国内已有研究机构开发了5个生长因子类药用蛋白,包括aFGF, bFGF, KGF2, VEGF, EGF。
通过植物油体开发的FGFs护肤产品可以促进细胞分泌透明质酸和糖蛋白,合理调整皮肤结构,延缓皮肤衰老,减少皱纹,抑制粉刺和青春痘生长并具有增白等作用。
相关论文:
Expression of a functional recombinant oleosin-human hyaluronidase hPH-20 fusion in Arabidopsis thaliana. Protein Expr Purif. 2014 Mar 24;103C:23-27
Species-specific size expansion and molecular evolution of the oleosins in angiosperms. Gene 2012 Nov 10;509(2):247-57
De Novo Transcriptome of Safflower and the Identification of Putative Genes for Oleosin and the Biosynthesis of Flavonoids. PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e30987
High levels of expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana). Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2011 Sep;165(2):465-75
Investigation of the microRNAs in safflower seed, leaf, and petal by high-throughput sequencing. Planta. 2011 Mar;233(3):611-9
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